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SAGE KE Bulletin Board
Re: evidence for and against the free radical theory26 October 2001 Aubrey de Grey
I'd say that the correlation between rate of aging and cleanliness of
the electron transport chain (i.e. proportion of electrons that turn
oxygen into superoxide rather than water) is the best evidence in
favour. It's so general -- between birds and rodents, between CR and
ad lib, between Peromyscus and Mus -- and I know no counterexamples.
As for the MsrA report, it's about as good as a life-shortening result
can be (in that when no extrinsic oxidative challenge was imposed it
killed no mice before adulthood, so developmental problems can't be
blamed), but -- of course -- it has the usual problem that shortening
lifespan can be done in other ways than by accelerating the processes
that normally kill the animal. Also, I'm somewhat concerned that the
wild-type mice lived only 680 days average despite being C57Bl/6J.
The MnSOD+/- mice are very interesting, but they only imply that the
types of damage found to rise are not important in aging, not that _no_
damage protected against by MnSOD is important in aging. For example,
Richardson's group has looked for various types of mtDNA damage but not
for deletions, which are the lesion that's found in just about all
OXPHOS-compromised cells. This is rather similar to the finding that
CuZnSOD homozygous knockouts are basically OK -- it reinforced what we
sort of knew, that oxidative damage in the mitochondria is likely to be
much more important than elsewhere. (My money's on deletions being
little changed in the MnSOD+/- mice versus wild type.) It's hard to
identify -- or even to imagine -- evidence that seriously challenges
the idea of free radical-induced damage being very important in
determining the rate of aging: given the mountain of evidence in its
favour, the simplest interpretation of any ostensibly negative result
will always be to narrow the options for precisely which pathways from
free radicals to aging are the most important, not to say that no such
pathway exists.
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Science of Aging Knowledge Environment. ISSN 1539-6150